Mechanics Model to Determine the Minimum Safe Thickness of Tunnel-face Rock Slab at a Fracture Zone

ZHANG Qian, BAI Song-song, GAO Yu, DU Yan-liang, ZHAO Wei-gang, LIANG Guan-ting

China Journal of Highway and Transport ›› 2018, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10) : 141-149,219.

PDF Full Text Download(3262 KB)
PDF Full Text Download(3262 KB)
China Journal of Highway and Transport ›› 2018, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10) : 141-149,219.

Mechanics Model to Determine the Minimum Safe Thickness of Tunnel-face Rock Slab at a Fracture Zone

  • ZHANG Qian1, BAI Song-song2, GAO Yu3, DU Yan-liang1, ZHAO Wei-gang1, LIANG Guan-ting4
Author information +
History +

Abstract

The stability and safety of tunnels passing through fault fracture zones are the difficulties in tunnel construction today. Typical working conditions in fracture zones with loose soil masses are constraints in tunnel construction. Considering these conditions and the mechanical properties of surrounding rock, and using theoretical calculation, numerical simulation, and engineering practices, a method to calculate the minimum safe thickness of tunnel-face rock for rock mass stability was developed. Further, fracture zone pre-reinforcement and suitable treatment schemes were explored in this study. First, a fracture zone-rock slab mechanics model was established, in which the rock mass equivalent for rock slab loads was the constraint. This model calculated the pressure on a fracture zone due to rock slab minimum safe thickness and obtained an effective equation for the calculation of the relationship between rock slab thickness, strata dip angle, and fracture zone height. Further, the curtain grouting processing parameters were optimized in this model. Then, based on the results of this theoretical analysis, a comparison was done between a typical case of construction of a tunnel through an unstable fracture zone where the thickness of the rock mass on the tunnel-face was not controlled and one where the thickness was controlled. Finally, the Comsol Multiphysics software was used to perform numerical simulations, and the effects of various rock dips, tunnel depths, and grouting pretreatment parameters on the minimum safe thickness of a tunnel-face rock slab were analyzed. The results show that:the results of the theoretical calculation, engineering practice, and numerical simulation are in good agreement. During normal construction, the minimum safe rock slab thickness of the tunnel face increases with increase in the effective height of the crushing zone and decreases with increase in the dip angle of the rock layer. When the curtain grouting method is used for pretreatment of the fracture zone, the minimum safe rock slab thickness decreases with increase in the rock dip angle. Thus, large minimum safe thicknesses should be reserved in the grouting process while controlling the grouting pressure.

Key words

tunnel engineering / layered rock mass / mechanical model / fracture zone / tunnel face stability / safe thickness

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations
ZHANG Qian, BAI Song-song, GAO Yu, DU Yan-liang, ZHAO Wei-gang, LIANG Guan-ting. Mechanics Model to Determine the Minimum Safe Thickness of Tunnel-face Rock Slab at a Fracture Zone[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2018, 31(10): 141-149,219

References

[1] 徐则民,黄润秋.深埋特长隧道及其施工地质灾害[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2001. XU Ze-min, HUANG Run-qiu. Deep and Extra-long Tunnel and Geological Hazards During Construction[M]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press, 2001.
[2] 李术才,石少帅,李利平,等.山岭隧道塌方风险评价的属性识别模型与应用[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(1):147-158. LI Shu-cai, SHI Shao-shuai, LI Li-ping, et al. Attribute Recognition Model and Its Application of Mountain Tunnel Collapse Risk Assessment[J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering, 2013, 21(1):147-158.
[3] 石少帅.深长隧道充填型致灾构造渗透失稳突涌水机理与风险控制及工程应用[D].济南:山东大学,2014. SHI Shao-shuai. Study on Seepage Failure Mechanism and Risk Control of Water Inrush Induced by Filled Disaster Structure in Deep-long Tunnel and Engineering Applications[D]. Jinan:Shandong University, 2014.
[4] EINSTEIN H H. Risk an Risk Analysis in Rock Engineering[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 1996, 11(2):141-155.
[5] 曹文贵,翟友成,王江营,等.山岭隧道塌方风险的集对分析方法[J].中国公路学报,2012,25(2):90-99. CAO Wen-gui, ZHAI You-cheng, WANG Jiang-ying, et al. Method of Set Pair Analysis for Collapse Risk During Construction of Mountain Tunnel[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2012, 25(2):90-99.
[6] QIU J L, XIE Y L, FAN H B, et al. Centrifuge Modelling of Twin-tunnelling Induced Ground Movements in Loess Strata[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2017, 10:493.
[7] 徐振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于层次分析法的岩溶隧道突水突泥风险评估[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1757-1766. XU Zhen-hao, LI Shu-cai, LI Li-ping, et al. Risk Assessment of Water or Mud Inrush of Karst Tunnels Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011, 32(6):1757-1766.
[8] 李利平,李术才,陈军,等.基于岩溶突涌水风险评价的隧道施工许可机制及其应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(7):1345-1355. LI Li-ping, LI Shu-cai, CHEN Jun, et al. Construction License Mechanism and Its Application Based on Rarst Water Inrush Risk Evaluation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(7):1345-1355.
[9] 陈红军,刘新荣,王成,等.倾斜软硬互层隧道破坏过程的围岩应力研究[J].现代隧道技术,2017,54(4):68-76. CHEN Hong-jun, LIU Xin-rong, WANG Cheng, et al. Surrounding Rock Stress in the Failure Process of a Tunnel Buried in a Inclined Soft/Hard Interbed Stratum[J]. Modern Tunneling Technology, 2017, 54(4):68-76.
[10] 汪成兵,朱合华.隧道塌方机制及其影响因素离散元模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(3):450-456. WANG Cheng-bing, ZHU He-hua. Tunnel Collapse Mechanism and Numerical Analysis of Its Influencing Factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(3):450-456.
[11] 温建永.层状岩体隧道病害机理分析及整治措施研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(5):1024-1028. WEN Jian-yong. Research on the Damage of Structure and Its Treatment for a Tunnel Constructed in Interbedded Rock Mass[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2017, 14(5):1024-1028.
[12] 谭鑫,傅鹤林,陈琛,等.层状岩体中隧道稳定性数值分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(6):1108-1113. TAN Xin, FU He-lin, CHEN Chen, et al. Numerical Simulation Analysis of Tunnel in Layered Rock-mass[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2016, 13(6):1108-1113.
[13] 贾蓬,唐春安,杨天鸿,等.具有不同倾角层状结构面岩体中隧道稳定性数值分析[J].东北大学学报,2006,27(11):1275-1278. JIA Peng, TANG Chun-an, YANG Tian-hong, et al. Numerical Stability Analysis of Surrounding Rock Mass Layered by Structural Planes with Different Obliquities[J]. Journal of Northeastern University, 2006, 27(11):1275-1278.
[14] 韩立军,宗义江,韩贵雷,等.岩石结构面注浆加固抗剪特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2570-2576,2622. HAN Li-jun, ZONG Yi-jiang, HAN Gui-lei, et al. Study of Shear Properties of Rock Structural Plane by Grouting Reinforcement[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011, 32(9):2570-2576,2622.
[15] 许宏发,耿汉生,李朝甫,等.破碎岩体注浆加固体强度估计[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(11):2018-2022. XU Hong-fa, GENG Han-sheng, LI Chao-fu, et al. Estimating Strength of Grouting Reinforced Bodies in Broken Rock Mass[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(11):2018-2022.
[16] HUANG M, TANG Z, ZHOU W, et al. Upper Bound Solutions for Face Stability of Circular Tunnels in Non-homogeneous and Anisotropic Clays[J]. Computers & Geotechnics, 2018, 98:189-196.
[17] PERAZZELLI P, LEONE T, ANAGNOSTOU G. Tunnel Face Stability Under Seepage Flow Conditions[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2014, 43:459-469.
[18] SENENT S, JIMENEZ R. A Tunnel Face Failure Mechanism for Layered Ground, Considering the Possibility of Partial Collapse[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2015, 47:182-192.
[19] 张连震,刘人太,张庆松,等.砂层劈裂-压密注浆模拟试验系统研发及试验[J/OL].岩土工程学报,2018,http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1124.TU.20180604.1233.012.html. ZHANG Lian-zhen, LIU Ren-tai, ZHANG Qing-song, et al. Simulation Test on Fracture-compaction Grouting Process in Sand Layer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1124.TU.20180604.1233.012.html.
[20] BAHRANI N, HADJIGEORGIOU J. Explicit Reinforcement Models for Fully-grouted Rebar Rock bolts[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 9(2):267-280.
[21] 黄宏伟,杨慧芳,陈杰生.煤气柜地基的劈裂注浆一注水预压处理和分析[J].工业建筑,1996(8):7-11. HUANG Hong-wei, YANG Hui-fang, CHEN Jie-sheng. Treatment and Analysis of the Foundation of a Large-scale Gas Chest[J]. Industrial Construction, 1996(8):7-11.
[22] 王梦恕.中国隧道及地下工程修建技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2010. WANG Meng-shu. Tunneling and Underground Engineering Technology in China[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 2010.
[23] ZHU W C, TANG C A. Numerical Simulation of Brazilian Disk Rock Failure Under Static and Dynamic Loading[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2006, 43(2):236-252.
[24] LI L P, ZHOU Z Q, LI S C, et al. An Attribute Synthetic Evaluation System for Risk Assessment of Floor Water Inrush in Coal Mines[J]. Mine Water and the Environment, 2015, 34(9):288-294.
[25] LI L P, LEI T, LI S C, et al. Risk Assessment of Water Inrush in Karst Tunnels and Software Development[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2015, 8:1843-1854.
[26] LI S C, ZHOU Z Q, LI L P, et al. Risk Assessment of Water Inrush in Karst Tunnels Based on Attribute Synthetic Evaluation System[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2013, 38:50-58.
[27] PAN Q J, DIAS D. Upper-bound Analysis on the Face Stability of a Non-circular Tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2017, 62:96-102.
PDF Full Text Download(3262 KB)

1516

Accesses

0

Citation

Detail
Sections
Recommended
Copyright © China Journal of Highway and Transport, All Rights Reserved.
Tel: 029-82334387　
E-mail：zgglxb@163.com
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd,.

/

〈 〉