基于近似模型的可变后扰流器气动优化

杨易,沈夏威,谷正气,张文阁

中国公路学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5) : 146-151.

PDF全文下载(851 KB)
PDF全文下载(851 KB)
中国公路学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5) : 146-151.
论文

基于近似模型的可变后扰流器气动优化

  • 杨易,沈夏威,谷正气,张文阁
作者信息 +

Aerodynamic Optimization for a Variable Rear Spoiler Based on an Approximate Model

  • YANG Yi, SHEN Xia-wei, GU Zheng-qi, ZHANG Wen-ge
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

为了更好地改进车辆的气动特性,讨论了一种将参数化建模、CFD计算和数值寻优方法相结合的气动优化方法。设计了一种根据使用工况可调的汽车后扰流器,针对高速行驶和高速制动2种典型工况,对该扰流器的形状和位置进行气动优化。首先对可变后扰流器进行参数化设计,并用拉丁方法对参数化模型进行试验设计,通过CFD计算获取响应值|然后采用Kriging模型构建参数变量与气动特性之间响应关系的近似模型|最后以该模型为基础使用遗传算法对扰流器形状和位置进行优化设计。研究结果表明:优化后的可变扰流器可使整车在高速行驶工况下阻力系数减小3.3%,升力系数减小22.4%|在高速制动工况下,升力系数减小69.9%,整车的气动特性获得了较大的改善。

Abstract

To improve the aerodynamics of vehicles a method which combined parametric modelling, CFD computing and numerical optimization was presented. A variable rear spoiler, which could be adjusted under different conditions, was designed. The shape and position of this spoiler were optimized under two typical working conditions: high speed driving and high speed braking. The variable rear spoiler was parameterized. Then, the method of Latin was adopted for the design of experiments and the corresponding value was got with CFD computing. An approximate model of parameter variables correspondent with aerodynamics was established using the Kriging model which was subsequently used for executing the optimization of aerodynamics in shape and position with genetic algorithm. The results indicate that the drag coefficient of the optimized vehicle decreases by 3.3%, while the lift coefficient decreases by 22.4% at high speed driving. The lift coefficient of the optimized vehicle decreases by 69.9% at high speed braking. As a result, the aerodynamics of vehicle is significantly improved.

关键词

汽车工程 / 可变后扰流器 / 遗传算法 / 气动优化 / Kriging模型

Key words

automobile engineering / variable rear spoiler / genetic algorithm / optimization of aerodynamics / Kriging model

引用本文

导出引用
杨易,沈夏威,谷正气,张文阁. 基于近似模型的可变后扰流器气动优化[J]. 中国公路学报, 2012, 25(5): 146-151
YANG Yi, SHEN Xia-wei, GU Zheng-qi, ZHANG Wen-ge. Aerodynamic Optimization for a Variable Rear Spoiler Based on an Approximate Model[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2012, 25(5): 146-151
中图分类号: U463.99   

参考文献

[1] 武藤真理.汽车空气动力学[M].程 正,译.长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1989.
MUTO S.Automotive Aerodynamics[M].Translated by CHENG Zheng.Changchun:Jilin Science and Technology Press,1989.
[2]谷正气.汽车空气动力学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2005.
GU Zheng-qi.Automotive Aerodynamics[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2005.
[3]ANDO K,TAKAMURA A.Automotive Aerodynamic Design Exploration Employing New Optimization Methodology Based on CFD[J].SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars-mechanical Systems,2010,3(1):398-406.
[4]王 宇,余雄庆.基于代理模型的气动设计稳健优化方法[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2007,24(3):181-187.
WANG Yu,YU Xiong-qing.Robust Optimization of Aerodymic Design Using Surrogate Model[J].Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics &| Astronautics,2007,24(3):181-187.
[5]梅小宁,杨树兴.基于UG二次开发的参数化建模方法在优化设计中的应用[J].科技导报,2010,28(3):29-32.
MEI Xiao-ning,YANG Shu-xing.Applications of Parametric Modeling Method Based on Secondary Development of UG in Optimization Design[J].Science and Technology Review,2010,28(3):29-32.
[6]董正卫,田立中,付宜利.UG/OPEN API编程基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
DONG Zheng-wei,TIAN Li-zhong,FU Yi-li.UG/OPEN API Programming Fundamentals[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2002.
[7]杨 劼,戴全军,黄兴军.一种基于参数化建模的飞行器隐身外形设计优化方法[J].战术导弹技术,2009(2):1-5.
YANG Jie,DAI Quan-jun,HUANG Xing-jun.An Approach to Stealth Shape Design and Optimization for Flying Vehicle Based on Parametric Modeling[J].Tactical Missile Technology,2009(2):1-5.
[8]陈 魁.试验设计与分析[M].2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
CHEN Kui.Design and Analysis of Experiment[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005.
[9]LOPHAVEN S N,NIELSEN H B,SONDERGAARD J.DACE:A MATLAB Kriging Toolbox[R].Kongens Lyngby:Technical University of Denmark,2002.
[10]MITRA K,GOPINATH R.Multiobjective Optimization of an Industrial Grinding Operation Using Elitist Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2004,59(2):385-396.
[11]DEB K,AGRAWAL S,PRATAP A,et al.A Fast Elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization:NSGA-II[C]//PPSN.Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature.Paris:PPSN,2000:849-858.

基金

国家自然科学基金项目(50975083)
PDF全文下载(851 KB)

1465

Accesses

0

Citation

Detail

段落导航
相关文章

/