为了研究普通钢筋混凝土箱梁行车道板在塑性阶段的横向受力特征，得到箱梁顶板基于塑性理论的横向受力有效分布宽度的取值方法，制作了2个钢筋混凝土箱梁试验模型，对其上的2块顶板进行跨中局部加载并观测混凝土箱梁顶板从开裂到破坏的全过程，得到箱梁顶板的塑性铰线分布形式和极限荷载大小。基于2块顶板的破坏模式提出箱梁顶板的塑性分析模型；基于塑性铰线理论的极限分析推导了钢筋混凝土箱梁顶板在局部荷载作用下的极限荷载和塑性横向受力有效分布宽度的计算公式，并以试验结果验证其适用性；最后将试验结果和理论值与国内外相关桥梁设计规范的取值进行比较。研究结果表明：采用极限平衡法可以较好地确定钢筋混凝土箱梁顶板的极限承载力和塑性横向受力有效分布宽度；提出的简化破坏模式能刻化钢筋混凝土箱梁顶板在塑性阶段的横向受力特征；箱梁顶板在局部荷载作用下进入塑性阶段后，其横向受力有效分布宽度的大小与弹性阶段相比存在明显区别，极限状态下箱梁顶板基于塑性分析的横向受力有效分布宽度约为弹性解的2倍。
Abstract
To investigate the transverse mechanical characteristics of carriageway slabs of the ordinary reinforced concrete box-girder, the plastic-theory-based calculation method of transverse effective width of the traffic deck at the plastic stage was obtained. Two reinforced concrete box-girder models were fabricated and the overall processes of top slabs of concrete box-girder from cracking to failure were monitored and discussed after the mid-span local load. Subsequently, the distribution form of plastic yield-lines and the ultimate resistant-capacity of the top slabs could be obtained at the same time. A plastic analysis model for the top slab in the box-girder was then developed by comparing the failure modes of two slabs. Based on the limit analysis of plastic yield line theory, a formula for predicting the ultimate resistant-capacity and evaluating the plastic transverse effective width of the top slab under the local load was proposed. The applicability of the formula was tested by results. Finally the test results and the theoretical values were compared with values in bridge design specifications at home and abroad. The results indicate that the limit equilibrium method can predict the ultimate resistant-capacity and the plastic transverse effective width of the top slab of reinforced concrete box-girder accurately. The transverse mechanical characteristics of the top slab in reinforced concrete box-girders can be carved by the simplified failure mode at the plastic stage. When the top slab of the box-girder turns to a plastic stage under the local load effects, its transverse effective width is obviously different with that at the elastic stage. That is to say, the effective width based on the plastic analysis is approximately twice as much as width on the basis of the elastic analysis at the ultimate state.
关键词
桥梁工程 /
箱梁 /
试验研究 /
有效分布宽度 /
塑性分析
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Key words
bridge engineering /
box girder /
experimental research /
effective width /
plastic analysis
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中图分类号：
U443.3
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目（51278182）。
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