针对目前多级加筋土挡墙动力试验研究不足的状况，通过大型振动台模型试验对地震荷载作用下双级土工格栅加筋土挡墙的动力特性进行研究。运用Bockingham π定理对双级土工格栅加筋土挡墙模型进行相似设计，采用标准砂作为回填砂、混凝土砌块作为挡墙和土工格栅作为筋材构成试验模型，并测试墙体和回填土的反应特性，得到土压力、墙面位移和土体加速度。试验结果表明：地震作用下挡墙立面墙体呈现倾斜并带有屈曲外鼓变形模式；挡墙水平位移、顶部沉降及分层沉降均随着地震峰值加速度增大而增大，最大值发生在挡墙顶部；随着输入地震荷载增大，砌块式挡墙缝隙中先出现淌砂，最后顶部模型砖掉落，挡墙破坏；加速度沿墙高存在放大效应，地震峰值加速度放大系数随着峰值加速度的增大而减小；下级挡墙峰值动土压力均呈现“中间大两端小”分布规律；上级挡墙峰值动土压力在小震时呈现“中间大两端小”，强震时呈现“中间小两端大”分布规律；台阶处下级挡墙顶部动土压力和水平位移均大于上级挡墙底部相应值。研究成果可为双级土工格栅加筋土挡墙的抗震设计提供理论支持。
Abstract
In allusion to inadequate researches on multistage reinforced soil-retaining wall, the earthquake performance of two-stage geogrid reinforced soil-retaining wall was investigated by dint of large-scale shaking table tests. The geometric similarity ratios of two-stage geogrid reinforced soil-retaining wall were deduced by Bockingham π theorem. The standard soil was taken as the backfill. The concrete blocks were selected as retaining walls, and the geogrid were regarded as the test model of reinforcements. The characteristics of the wall and the backfill were measured, and earth pressures, displacements of the wall and accelerations of the soil were obtained. The results show that, soil-retaining wall under the action of the earthquake is slanted with the deformation pattern of the buckling and outward bulge. The lateral displacement, the settlements of the top and layered settlements increase with the increase of earthquake peak accelerations. The acceleration of the top of the retaining wall reaches the maximum. With the increase of the input earthquake load, sand flows out from the crevice of the bricks. Subsequently, the top model brick falls down, and the retaining wall is destroyed. The acceleration has amplification effect along the wall height, and the amplification factor of earthquake peak accelerations decrease with the increase of peak acceleration motion. For the lower stage retaining wall, the distribution of horizontal peak dynamic earth pressure along the height is with a large value at the middle and a small value at both ends. For the upper stage retaining wall, with the small earthquake motion input, the distribution of horizontal peak dynamic earth pressure along the height is with a large value at the middle and a small value at both ends. With the large earthquake motions input, the distribution of horizontal peak dynamic earth pressure along height is with a small value at the middle and a large value at both ends. The horizontal peak dynamic earth pressure and horizontal displacement at the top of the lower retaining wall are larger than those at the bottom of the upper retaining wall. The result provides theoretical support for seismic design of two-stage geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall.
关键词
道路工程 /
双级加筋土挡墙 /
振动台试验 /
动力性能 /
地震荷载
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Key words
road engineering /
reinforced soil-retaining wall /
shaking table test /
dynamic characteristic /
seismic load
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中图分类号：
U417.11
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目（51778144）；地震科技星火计划项目（XH14073Y）；中央高校基本科研业务费研究生科技创新基金项目（ZY20170305）
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