风浪联合作用下浸没长方形钝体上方风场复杂多变，为明确其作用机制,采用移动测点法探究了风浪联合作用下钝体上方的风场特性。设计3个钝体露出水面高度的工况(量纲一的高度定义为钝体露出水面高度与波高之比，且波高取为3 cm,其值从小到大依次为1.67、2.50、3.33),且同一钝体露出水面高度工况下均测试了3个不同顺流向位置(量纲一的长度定义为距离钝体前缘长度与波长之比，且波长取为76.50 cm,其值从小到大依次为0.05、0.10、0.15)的风场特性。研究结果表明：①钝体上方风速具有明显的加速效应且钝体露出水面的高度越高,同一顺流向位置同一测试高度下的风速加速效应越显著；②钝体露出水面高度相同工况下,测点距离钝体前缘越近,钝体对风速的加速效应越显著；③对比3个不同露出水面高度的钝体与无钝体对应风速,发现距离钝体前缘长度与波长之比为0.05时钝体对其上方风速的加速作用达到最大,依次为23.37%、27.53%、38.14%；④此外,钝体上方湍流强度与风速相比,湍流强度受钝体影响较弱且钝体露出水面越高,同一顺流向位置且近壁面处的湍流强度越大。
Abstract
This study investigates the wind field characteristics above a submerged rectangular bluff body subjected to the combined effects of wind and wave action. The study uses the moving measuring point method to assess these characteristics. Three heights of the bluff body above the water surface were measured, defined as dimensionless heights based on the ratio of the height of the bluff body exposed to the water surface to the wave height, where the wave height was 3 cm. The heights in ascending order were 1.67, 2.50, and 3.33. Wind field measurements were taken at the same height as the bluff body at three downstream positions, with dimensionless lengths defined as the ratio of the distance from the leading edge of the bluff body to the wavelength of 76.50 cm, in descending order of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15. The results indicate the following: ① The wind speed above the bluff body exhibits an obvious acceleration effect, which becomes more pronounced as the height of the bluff body increases at the same downstream position and measurement height; ② The wind speed acceleration effect is more significant when the measurement point is closer to the leading edge of the bluff body, at the same height above the water; ③ A comparison of the wind speeds at three different heights of the bluff body with those without the bluff body reveals that the acceleration effect of the bluff body on wind speed reaches its maximum when the ratio of the length from the leading edge of the bluff body to the wave height is 0.05, with acceleration ratios of 23.37%, 27.53%, and 38.14%, respectively; ④ Turbulence intensity is found to be only weakly influenced by the wind speed, where a higher turbulence intensity is observed when the bluff body is exposed to the water surface, particularly near the wall at the same downstream position.
关键词
桥梁工程 /
风浪联合作用 /
试验研究 /
风剖面 /
风场特性
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Key words
bridge engineering /
combined action of wind and wave /
experimental research /
wind profile /
wind field characteristic
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脚注
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3100702)
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National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFC3100702)
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